概要:第三章 数词和冠词一、数词表示数目和顺序的词叫数词。数词又分基数词和序数词,基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序。1. 最基本的基数词如下表所示:1~1011~1920~1001 one11 eleven2 two12 twelve20 twenty3 three13 thirteen30 thirty4 four14 fourteen40 forty5 five15 fifteen50 fifty6 six16 sixteen60 sixty7 seven17 seventeen70 seventy8 eight18 eighteen80 eighty9 nine19 nineteen90 ninety10 ten 100 one hundred*基数词的写法 :21~99的两位数,十位与个位之间用连字符“-”。例:21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety – nine百位数:个位数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and。例:101 a h
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第三章 数词和冠词
一、数词
表示数目和顺序的词叫数词。数词又分基数词和序数词,基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序。
1. 最基本的基数词如下表所示:
1~1011~1920~100
1 one11 eleven
2 two12 twelve20 twenty
3 three13 thirteen30 thirty
4 four14 fourteen40 forty
5 five15 fifteen50 fifty
6 six16 sixteen60 sixty
7 seven17 seventeen70 seventy
8 eight18 eighteen80 eighty
9 nine19 nineteen90 ninety
10 ten 100 one hundred
*基数词的写法 :21~99的两位数,十位与个位之间用连字符“-”。
例:21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety – nine
百位数:个位数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and。
例:101 a hundred and one. 320 three hundred and twenty 648six hundred and forty-eight
2.序数词的构成
1)一般来说,是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成。例,
four+ th--- fourth six + th --- sixth
seven + th --- seventh ten + th --- tenth
2)下面这些基数词在变为序数词时,有特殊的变化。例,
one --- first two --- second three --- third five--- fifth
eight --- eighth nine --- ninth twelve --- twelfth
3)十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y 变成i,然后在加eth.例,
twenty --- twentieth thirty --- thirtieth
forty --- fortieth ninety --- ninetieth
1) 两位或两位以上的基数词变为序数词时,仅将个位数变成序数词。例,
twenty –one ------ twenty- first
thirty-five ------thirty-fifth
a hundred and fifty-three ------- a hundred and fifty- third
*基数词变序数词的口诀:
基变序,有规律;词尾加上th(fourth, sixth)
一、二、三,单独记;结尾字母t, d, d;(first,second,third)
八去t,九去e,(eighth,ninth);ve要用f替;(fifth,twelfth)
整十基数变序数,ty将y变成i ; th 前面有个e;
要是遇到几十几,前用基来后用序。
二、冠词
冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种。 a或an是不定冠词,the是定冠词。a用在辅音音素之前,如 a desk, a tree ; an 用在元音因素之前,如 an apple, an hour, an English book.
1. 不定冠词(a,an)指人或事物的某一种类,表示“一个”,但不强调数量。
She is a teacher. That’s an orange.
2. 定冠词 the,是特指某(些)人、某(些)物,或指说话人与听话人彼此知道的人或物,或者是在上文提到过的人和事。
This is a bus. The bus is big.
3. 不用冠词的情况:
1) 专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词前一般不用冠词。如,
Chinese, English, Jim等。
2) 名词前已经有this, that, my, your等词时,就不再用冠词了。如,
that mouse (那只老鼠)
3) 一些固定词组前不用定冠词。如,
at home 在家 go to school 去上学
*定冠词the的用法记忆口诀:
特指、重提和唯一,岛屿、海峡和海湾;
海洋、党派、最高级,沙漠、河流与群山;
方位、顺序和乐器,年代、团体与机关;
船名、建筑和组织,会议、条约与报刊;
姓氏复数、国全名,记住定冠the加在前。
*零冠词用法口诀:
月份、星期、节假洲,呼语、头衔职务前;
三餐、球类、惯用语,学科、棋类名词前。
冠词和数词专项练习
一、在空白处填上适当的冠词,不需要的填“/”。
1) at ____home 2) go to_____ bed 3) go to _____school
4) catch ______ bad cold 5) have _____ good time
6) ______red apple 7)_____ English book 8) ______ spoon
9)_____ orange 10) ______melon 11) _______ eraser
二、选择填空
1.There is _____ “m” in the word “primary”
A. an B.a C.the D./
2.This is ____ orange bike .
A.a B.an C.the D/
3.It always takes us half _____ hour to have ____ long walk after supper .
A.a,a B,a ,the C.an , a D.an , the
4.English is ____ useful language in ____ world .
A.an , the B.a , the C.the , / D./ , the
5.We are going to _____ cinema this evening .
A.the B./ C/a D.an
6.He’s standing on _____ other side of _____ river .
A.a , a B.the , the C.the , a D.a , the
7._____ potato is a vegetable , not ____ fruit .
A.The , an B.The , a C.A, the D.An, /
8.He was _____ first to come .
A.The B.a C.the D./
9.Do you see ____ book on _____ table ?
A.the , a B.a, an C.an , an D.a , the
10.Where’s _____ desk ? It’s in ____ middle of the room .
A./ , / B./ , a C.a , / D.the , the
11.He is _____ friend of mine .
A.an B./ C.the D.a
12.There is ____ university near the farm .
A.a B.an C.the D./
13.He died in ____ autumn of 1989 .
A./ B.the C.a D.an
14.I have ____ book . I t’ s _____ interesting one . I like reading ____ books very much .
A.a, an ,/ B.a , / , the C.an , an , the D./ , an , /
15.Today is _____ Children’s Day .
A.a B.an C.the D/
16.This is _____ bag . That is ____ eraser .
A.a, a B.a , an C.an , a D. an , an
四、用代词填空:
1._____ , _____ and ____ are all good friends .
A.We , you , they B.You , they , we C.We , they , you D.They , you , we
2.____ classroom is big , but ____ is much bigger than _____ .
A.We , they , us B.Our , their , our C.Our , theirs , ours D.Our , theirs , we
3.She lost ____ pen . Will you lend her ____ ?
A.her , yours B.his , your C.hers , you D.their , yourself
4. “What are you doing ?” “I am looking at _____ in the mirror ?”
A.me B.myself C.itself D.himself
5.____ , ____ and _____ all enjoy music .
A.She , you , I B.I , she , you C.You , she , I D.I , you , she
能力测试卷(冠词和数词)
一、写出相邻的数词
1. twenty 2. five
3. twelve 4. fifty-eight
5. ninety 6. seventy
7. thirty-eight 8. one hundred
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